API Reference
Server APIs

resumeToPipeableStream

resumeToPipeableStream streams a pre-rendered React tree to a pipeable Node.js Stream.

const {pipe, abort} = await resumeToPipeableStream(reactNode, postponedState, options?)

Note

This API is specific to Node.js. Environments with Web Streams, like Deno and modern edge runtimes, should use resume instead.

Reference

resumeToPipeableStream(node, postponed, options?)

Call resume to resume rendering a pre-rendered React tree as HTML into a Node.js Stream.

import { resume } from 'react-dom/server';
import {getPostponedState} from './storage';

async function handler(request, response) {
  const postponed = await getPostponedState(request);
  const {pipe} = resumeToPipeableStream(<App />, postponed, {
    onShellReady: () => {
      pipe(response);
    }
  });
}

See more examples below.

Parameters

  • reactNode: The React node you called prerender with. For example, a JSX element like <App />. It is expected to represent the entire document, so the App component should render the <html> tag.
  • postponedState: The opaque postpone object returned from a prerender API, loaded from wherever you stored it (e.g. redis, a file, or S3).
  • optional options: An object with streaming options.
    • optional nonce: A nonce string to allow scripts for script-src Content-Security-Policy.
    • optional signal: An abort signal that lets you abort server rendering and render the rest on the client.
    • optional onError: A callback that fires whenever there is a server error, whether recoverable or not. By default, this only calls console.error. If you override it to log crash reports, make sure that you still call console.error.
    • optional onShellReady: A callback that fires right after the shell has finished. You can call pipe here to start streaming. React will stream the additional content after the shell along with the inline <script> tags that replace the HTML loading fallbacks with the content.
    • optional onShellError: A callback that fires if there was an error rendering the shell. It receives the error as an argument. No bytes were emitted from the stream yet, and neither onShellReady nor onAllReady will get called, so you can output a fallback HTML shell or use the prelude.

Returns

resume returns an object with two methods:

  • pipe outputs the HTML into the provided Writable Node.js Stream. Call pipe in onShellReady if you want to enable streaming, or in onAllReady for crawlers and static generation.
  • abort lets you abort server rendering and render the rest on the client.

Caveats

  • resumeToPipeableStream does not accept options for bootstrapScripts, bootstrapScriptContent, or bootstrapModules. Instead, you need to pass these options to the prerender call that generates the postponedState. You can also inject bootstrap content into the writable stream manually.
  • resumeToPipeableStream does not accept identifierPrefix since the prefix needs to be the same in both prerender and resumeToPipeableStream.
  • Since nonce cannot be provided to prerender, you should only provide nonce to resumeToPipeableStream if you’re not providing scripts to prerender.
  • resumeToPipeableStream re-renders from the root until it finds a component that was not fully pre-rendered. Only fully prerendered Components (the Component and its children finished prerendering) are skipped entirely.

Usage

Further reading

Resuming behaves like renderToReadableStream. For more examples, check out the usage section of renderToReadableStream. The usage section of prerender includes examples of how to use prerenderToNodeStream specifically.

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